From the fight for equality in apartheid South Africa to helping the visually impaired in Bradford

‘Not to speak is to speak. Not to act is to act.’
Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Life can so often be heart wrenchingly unfair as humanity rips lives, families, and communities apart through the lack of value for basic human rights. Often onlookers struggle to know how to respond, leaving injustice unchallenged. So, what compels someone to act? To stand in the gap and fight for the rights of others?

Gwyneth has a fire in her belly for justice and fully comprehends the power of both her voice and actions to fight inequality. From risking her life during the apartheid years in South Africa to teaching the visually impaired youth of Bradford, she has devoted her time and energy to making this world a fairer place. And she’s had fun doing so.

As she talks about her early life, the origins of her core values become clear. “I grew up in a suburb called Rivonia, the same one that Nelson Mandela was hiding in until being arrested. She says, “You’d be walking in the streets on a Saturday and there’d be people pointing guns at you. I didn’t know anything different, that’s what it was like. Although we did have domestic workers, I was always taught to respect all adults. It was clear that Sarah was in charge when my parents were away.”

She continues, “In fact I was more scared of Sarah than my mother, she was far more strict! However, I’d visit other family houses and the women who worked there were treated like dirt, and so I saw inequality from an early age.”

She was taught by her parents to value everyone as equals. “All my life we were told ‘be true unto thyself’ and ‘treat others as thou wouldst be done to you.’ Although these words come from Christ’s teachings, she was never forced into religion. “My mum just believed there was a higher being and that all religions are the same.”

Within the context of the culture of South Africa at that time, she speaks of how her parents helped to liberate her thinking. With energy in her voice and a twinkle in her eye she says, “They were quite radical, liberal South Africans. Every weekend our home was like a big open house and all these young students hung out and discussed things in front of us. No subject was taboo; sex, religion, politics, you name it.” She continues, “We were probably politicised by these young students, as we listened and learned from all those conversations.”

It wasn’t just her home life that shaped her. “All my schooling was segregated, and so I grew up seeing discrimination written into law.” She recalls, “I fought against it any way I could, my view was ‘everyone is equal’ so I was always in trouble for questioning things.”

Another pivot in life came when her brother turned eighteen. He was conscripted into the army and sent to fight against ‘the communist danger’. She recalls with a mixture of incredulity and sadness, “My brother was one of those who would have been shooting domestic workers in townships if they were protesting against the government. A lot of his friends died in the fighting and there were also quite a lot of military suicides. He came back as an alcoholic.” Witnessing the effects of the apartheid on someone she loved compelled her further into action.

After studying fine art at university, she became a primary school teacher and began challenging students on their cultural norms, behind closed doors she was also helping the ‘End Conscription Campaign’, which was risky. “Anyone who was against F. W. Clerk’s government was seen as the enemy. People were being arrested off the streets and disappearing.”

Unless you have lived in an environment like this it’s hard to comprehend, but Gwynneth explains the lasting impact of this time on her life. “To this day I still don’t keep a personal diary because if meeting times or names were found, you’d be putting other people in danger. I also still carry a big bag with a toothbrush, toothpaste and a change of knickers, because those detained never got any warning, they’d just vanish off the street.” What fueled their dangerous choices? She explains, “We weren’t scared because we knew what we were doing was right.” This in itself is a challenging thought to anyone afraid to stand up for what’s right.

Her political activism eventually led to her fleeing for safety to the UK. “I had to phone my mother every morning so she knew that I was alive. I knew if I got detained I wouldn’t be able to teach again. Quite a few of my friends were in hiding and I was probably next on the list to be interrogated.”

She originally arrived in Nottingham in 1988. “I wasn’t allowed to teach because my African qualifications were not accepted, so my heritage made me seek out new opportunities.” So after working for the Nottinghamshire Royal Society for the Blind for many years she took the opportunity to become the Habilitation Officer with the visually impaired at Bradford Council, and moved to the city in 2011.

Speaking about her work she beams, “Although I worked against the apartheid system in South Africa, it’s the same fight. I’m still fighting for equality. I want to help these young people be proactive to fight for what is rightfully theirs.”

She continues to explain what the fight is actually about. “They’re very capable, independent people who can do so much, yet employers see their disability first and assume they can’t contribute. I encourage them to fight for their rights, but these young people are actually fighting a hierarchy that’s a really hard wall to break down.”

The theme of ‘finding your voice’ returns as this time she talks about the cost involved in doing so. “Teenagers today with Instagram and all the rubbish they have thrown at them, they want to be like their mates. It’s very difficult to be different, so people want to hide their disability.”  She continues, “There’s something important about finding your voice in life. You can’t change who you are, you have to stand up and be counted. I know that for some young people I work with it will never happen because they haven’t got to the stage where they own their disability, for other people, they will jump up and run with it.”

It’s a journey she herself has experienced. “I myself have a hidden disability of dyslexia. I’m an African. I’m a white. I’m an African of European descent. I’ve lived in England for too long now, but I’m not English. When I go home to South Africa I don’t fit in there either now. So I’ve had to make a life within the culture I live in.” She speaks warmly of how the people of Bradford have become like an extended family to her. “I feel more comfortable when I am outnumbered by Black and Asian people rather than in white communities, and because many of the families I work with are second generation Asians they feel the same about fitting in as I do. So it’s like we’re in this together somehow and I often get called ‘auntie’ by the families I know.”

Speaking of her future, she says “I’ve learned so much from the people of Bradford about respect, about working together. I know statistically that Bradford is the youngest growing city within the UK, and we all need to really work together to make sure that all the children here have the best life, to do the best they can and fulfill whatever potential they have.”

She concludes, “I suppose, I own who I am.  I’m proud of who I am and throughout my life I want to inspire others to be who they are, to ask the difficult questions and not be shy, because otherwise they’re not going to achieve things in life. I’ll always see the best in people and encourage them to see the best in themselves.” These are challenging concepts for us all, no matter what fight we’re in.

Story & photos by Tom Harmer

“There’s good and bad in us all, but Gypsy Travellers get painted with the one brush…”

A huge part of our identities as human beings is our individual culture and heritage, it shapes what we value and influences our approach to life. As time passes and society evolves these cultural identities are often challenged and threatened, each generation is given the responsibility to protect, teach and uphold them for the future.

Dublin-born Kathleen is full of warmth and strength. A Bradford resident and Irish Traveller, she’s incredibly proud of her heritage and aspires to uphold her culture and traditions, “It’s how I was brought up and how I brought my children up, and now I’m trying to get my grandchildren on the same track,” she says.

She traces her roots back to County Wexford in the Republic of Ireland, but Yorkshire has always been a massive part of her life. “I grew up on the roadside. We’d stay in Yorkshire in the winter, but then we’d move around all over the country in the summertime; the Midlands, Scotland, Wales, but we’d always come back to Leeds or Bradford in October, as long as it was Yorkshire.”

“There were no phones when I was growing up, so when my father decided it was time to shift, we’d just head to somewhere like Birmingham and find someone we knew,” She recalls the excitement of reuniting with friends from previous years and the joy of a community where “everybody mixed.”

Her upbringing was bursting with community, family, culture and food. “My mother always had a fire going, cooking outside in big black pots, hearty food such as bacon and cabbage, bacon ribs and stew,” she continues, “It’s all proper food and everybody would come over when they smelled our food,” she says, with a smile.

To this day, Kathleen carries on this value of generosity and hospitality, always preparing more than enough food to share with her community. “Anyone elderly we feed, I send dinner up and down everywhere. I don’t have a plate left because most of them don’t come back. So now I’ve bought them all plastic plates to send them up.” It’s clear that this camaraderie is a key influence in forming such close-knit Traveller communities.

There’s a deep sense of communal living in both Kathleen’s home and the site she lives on, she explains, “We’re strong on family values, everyone keeps an eye out for everyone’s child and we take care of the older people, we’d never send them to care homes.”

As the youngest of twelve children, with ten brothers and one sister, she speaks fondly of her own childhood. “Day to day it was just nice, you know, we weren’t playing computer games like today. I was like a tomboy and we played out all the time. It was a better way of life and it was a healthier way of life.”

As travelling communities begin to settle more, she feels the children are missing out on experiencing a variety of life, and explains, “It’s not good for children to be cooped up. When you live roadside you mix with different cultures, it helps to teach morals.”

By the age of eighteen, her parents had stopped travelling and chose to settle in London. “They haven’t been on the roadside since. When you’re settled it’s a different way of life but you never forget the traveller’s life. As long as you have food and water, you don’t need nothing else.”

Another cornerstone of the Gypsy Traveller community is the skill of self-reliance and problem solving. “Travellers are self-taught, you know what I mean, they don’t go to colleges. You just do whatever you put your mind to.  I want every traveller to have the chance to provide for themselves.”

She explains how boys begin working like men aged thirteen, and by seventeen they’re ready to go and do their own thing, “so long as they get a licence and a real motor they get up and go.”

For girls though, there were different expectations. “When I was growing up, girls didn’t leave home, they stayed at home to get married.” She reminisces, “When I got up in the morning, my routine was to make a cup of tea for my parents, then wash through the cans (milk churns) and windows outside. It was different to the boys, because I had to do the housework.”

Kathleen moved back to Yorkshire when she was nineteen years old to get married. Sadly, her husband died aged only twenty-eight, leaving her to raise their children on her own. “I’ve never considered getting re-married. I don’t think anyone would have looked down on me or anything because I was young and had young children, but they’ve got more respect for me now.”

Kathleen then explains the importance in the community of keeping loved ones’ memories alive and shares how they value life and death in equal parts. “We mention everyone we’ve lost everyday, so they’re not forgotten about. My brother died forty-five years ago and we talk about him every day.”

Once a year, Kathleen visits a cemetery in Ireland, underscoring these values. “It’s a respect thing. All our ancestors are buried there. People come from all over Ireland and England on one specific day, and we all stand by their graves – it’s like a blessing.” She continues, “Our people belong to us, when they die they’re more important than when they were alive.”

Bradford is renowned as a space of sanctuary and safety, welcoming communities across the world to make it their home. For centuries, the vibrant tapestry of Bradford has been woven together with the diverse threads of the Irish Traveller community, whether it has been a pit stop for those who embody a nomadic lifestyle, or somewhere to call home. When asked about her own experience, she says, “It’s like home. I’ve been here since I was 5, I’m 57 now, so 52 years I’ve lived between Leeds and Bradford.”

Kathleen lives on the Mary Street site in Bradford, designated for the Gyspy Traveller community. “We used to stop here years ago when I was about eight. It was a potato yard and it was all built up, all along here there were shops and public houses, whereas now it’s all gone and it’s industrial.”

“Since then they’ve opened up a sand quarry across the way, and a tip behind us.” Like many in Kathleen’s community, a prevailing sentiment of being overlooked persists. “No one can see us because we’re blocked in these walls and we’ve got enough cameras, we’re like being on ‘Big Brother’,” which seems to perpetuate her feeling of being out of sight and out of mind.

Explaining the history of where she lives, she says, “This site to start with was looked into for a housing estate and they said it wasn’t fit for humans to live, but yet they could make a traveller site on it – so what is the difference? The fact that this site is managed by environmental health tells me everything.”

She continues, “We’re full of sand twenty four seven, everybody on this site has got issues with their chest breathing. You can’t breathe in the night, it’s like you’re choking because of the sand” and then the additional impact of living behind a garbage facility, “we’ve got flies everywhere, it’s not nice when you’re eating.”  

She’s concerned, and so are other families and parents, for the future wellbeing of their children.There have been positive talks about moving the site and it probably will happen at some stage but not for a few years yet.

The multicultural nature of Bradford is one of the main reasons Kathleen has been able to call Bradford home for so long, because she feels more welcome here amongst other minority groups than in other parts of the country.

For example, the Asian community, “Indians and Pakistanis, they’re tret like us. They understand our way of life and we understand theirs. This town is full of lots of cultures and they’re more comfortable with us than, say, the white community. Some don’t understand us and just think ‘ah, it’s the stinking gypsies’.”

On one hand, society is becoming more accepting and inclusive of previously excluded minority groups, yet on the other it is seemingly trying to erase a way of life for the Traveller community. “We don’t want to change anything. We just want to get on with the life that we’ve always led,” Kathleen says.

A charity worker who works alongside Kathleen and the Gypsy Traveller community says, “In my 20-year career of working with some of the most marginalised communities, I can honestly say that the Gypsy Traveller community face the worst discrimination and racism. I would like to say that they have also been the most welcoming and inspiring to me in my work in challenging people’s inaccurate views and perceptions.”

Kathleen then shares numerous instances of discrimination and stereotyping she has encountered as an Irish Traveller and how she’s always had a feeling of being an unwanted outsider in society, “There’s good and bad in us all, but we all get painted with the one brush,” she says.

Unjust stereotypes brand Travellers as thieves that “live in a jungle and run around with no shoes on”. There is a real sense of persecution and fear within the community. Kathleen describes feelings of being unsafe and vulnerable as soon as she leaves the site, creating a feeling of never truly belonging.

She believes media representation is partly to blame for reinforcing stereotypes and failing to acknowledge the community’s positive actions. Her community’s charitable support for vulnerable people in society go unnoticed, such as large country-wide donations to food banks and children’s hospitals.

“It’s disheartening that our positive efforts rarely receive recognition; the spotlight always seems to be on the negative aspects of our community,” says Kathleen. One shining light however is the boxer Tyson Fury. “He’s pushing all the limits and he knows where he comes from. Every traveller, it doesn’t matter what they’ve got, they don’t lose their morals, they want to keep their culture,” she says. “He’s just like us, he’s all about his family.”

Preserving Traveller tradition is important for Kathleen, particularly due to external influences threatening the continuity of her rich, cultural heritage, but at the same time Kathleen recognizes the need to modernise, specifically in education and work.

Kathleen says, “I never went to school when I was a child because I’m telling you we were roadside. Here today, gone tomorrow.” However, when she became a parent, ensuring her own children received an education became a priority. “I think everyone should have the right to read,” she says.

Another cultural shift Kathleen has been part of, is supporting her daughter into further education and now championing her choice to go to work. “It’s only in the last ten years this has happened,” Kathleen explains. “Before that women didn’t work, they didn’t leave home. They done what had to be done at home, like housework. They looked after the younger ones or whatever.” There are still many women in the community that don’t work, but more and more women are going out to find a vocation, and Kathleen feels it’s a good trend. 

As Kathleen passionately shares her life as a Traveller, although some aspects of culture are changing, it’s clear that nothing will ever change her identity. The strength of the community is in how they value and look after each other and pass on their traditions from generation to generation.

However, she feels the world around her is becoming less tolerant of her way of life, trying to brush this traditional way of living out of sight, and out of mind. “It’s a culture and I don’t think they’ll ever stop it, but they’re doing their best to try,” she continues “You can’t think you’re better than anyone else, we’re all the same. It’s not right to look down on someone else.”

Conversation must be had to create positive social change and support greater understanding of the Gypsy and Traveller communities and unite in the face of inequality. Bradford and our wider society have an opportunity to challenge perceptions and be open to understanding the Traveller way of life. Surely we can find a way to live alongside each other, celebrating our differences, looking at those with a different way of life and thinking about how society can champion their cherished traditions. 

Story co-written by People Library Mentee Nathan McGill and Storyteller/Mentor Tom Harmer

Photos by Nathan McGill